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Refugees return to Syria after the fall of Assad, some European countries "freeze" requests for asylum
2024-12-11 10:06:03 / BOTA
Thousands of refugees are returning to Damascus, after the fall of the Assad regime. The euphoria in the country after the stormy developments of the weekend is palpable. The convoys of cars returning to Damascus are also large. However, after the fall of Bashar al-Assad, some European countries have suspended the review of Syrian asylum applications.
Europe "freezes" asylum requests for Syrians
Austria's interim government has banned all asylum applications from Syrians and says it is making plans to repatriate or deport people to their country, arguing that the situation in the country has changed radically.
Germany (home to one million Syrians), the UK and France have said they will halt asylum decisions for the time being. Denmark, Norway and Sweden have announced on the other hand that they are suspending the review of asylum requests for Syrian refugees. KYSEA meeting on Friday The Greek Ministry of Immigration and Asylum is assessing the emerging data and will propose final decisions regarding asylum procedures on Friday at a KYSEA meeting, while Immigration and Asylum Minister Nikos Panagiotopoulos will immediately seek contact with the new commissioner of the European Commission for Migration, in order to exchange opinions on the new situation that is being created after the developments in Syria. Since 2011, according to the UN, more than 14 million Syrians have been forced to flee their homes in search of safety. In a statement, the Austrian Ministry of the Interior said that "the political situation in Syria has changed radically and rapidly in recent days." About 95,000 Syrians live in Austria, many of whom arrived during the migration crisis of 2015 and 2016. The backlash against them has fueled support for the far right and conservatives in Austria.
Germany's Federal Office for Migration and Refugees has suspended all pending applications from Syrian asylum seekers. Officials say the political situation in Syria is so uncertain that it is not possible to make a proper decision whether the country is safe or not. Currently 47,270 Syrians in Germany are awaiting a response to their asylum applications. Those who have already received asylum are not affected.
Gjermania ka popullsinë më të madhe të diasporës siriane jashtë Lindjes së Mesme, me rreth një milion sirianë që jetojnë në Gjermani. Rreth 700,000 konsiderohen refugjatë. Sekretarja e Brendshme britanike, Yvette Cooper konfirmoi se Mbretëria e Bashkuar kishte “pezulluar vendimet e azilit për rastet nga Siria, ndërsa Ministria e Brendshme shqyrton dhe monitoron situatën aktuale”. Cooper tha se situata në vend “po lëvizte jashtëzakonisht shpejt pas rënies së regjimit të Asadit” dhe shtoi se disa njerëz tashmë po ktheheshin në Siri.
Midis 2011 dhe 2021 më shumë se 30,000 sirianëve iu dha azil në Mbretërine e Bashkuar. Shumica e tyre u zhvendosën në kuadër të programeve humanitare dhe erdhën direkt nga vende të tjera ku ishin strehuar, si Turqia dhe Libani. Në vitin 2019, u vlerësua se rreth 47,000 sirianë jetonin në MB, por kjo shifër mendohet të ketë rënë në rreth 30,000.
Franca po punon për një politikë të ngjashme me atë të propozuar nga Gjermania, me një vendim që pritet në orët e ardhshme, sipas agjencisë së lajmeve Reuters.
Ndërkohë, mijëra sirianë të mërguar në Liban dhe Jordani po kthehen në shtëpi. Por në kufirin libanez, fluksi ishte në të dy drejtime.
Një korrespondent i BBC-së atje tha se një numër në rritje i sirianëve po përpiqeshin të hynin në Liban, duke nxitur përforcime ushtarake libaneze. Ai thotë se disa kanë frikë nga një shtim i kaosit apo krimit në vendlindjen e tyre, megjithëse ai gjithashtu thotë se është siguruar se kjo nuk do të ndodhë.
Libani pret më shumë se një milion refugjatë sirianë, por ka shtrënguar rregullat për hyrjen e tyre në vend.
Turqia ndihmon në kthimin e refugjatëve
Turqia po forcon aftësitë e saj në pikat kufitare me Sirinë, në mënyrë që refugjatët sirianë të kthehen më lehtë në atdheun e tyre, tha ministri i Brendshëm.
“Deri tani kemi pasur një kapacitet prej 3000 kalimesh në ditë dhe e kemi rritur në 15-20000”, tha Ali Gerlikaya.
Shumë refugjatë sirianë që jetojnë në Turqi nxituan në jug të vendit për t’u kthyer në Siri sapo u bë e ditur se Bashar Al-Assad ishte rrëzuar. Presidenti turk Rexhep Tajip Erdogan njoftoi të hënën rihapjen e pikës kufitare Yalantagi në provincën Hatay, e cila ishte e mbyllur që nga viti 2013.
Gerlikaya tha se “300-400” kalime u regjistruan nga postat kufitare turke të dielën dhe deri në mesnatën të hënën, ky numër tashmë ishte dyfishuar.
Ministri tha se do të takohet me zyrtarë të organizatave joqeveritare siriane të mërkurën, pa i përmendur emrat e tyre.
“Që nga viti 2016, më shumë se 738,000 sirianë janë kthyer vullnetarisht në shtëpi,” tha ai, duke vënë në dukje se 2,935,000 ende mbeten në Turqi.
Sipas autoriteteve turke, 1.24 milionë Refugjatët vijnë nga provinca e Aleppos, kryeqyteti i së cilës ishte i pari që ra në duart e rebelëve, më 1 dhjetor.
Erdogan had phone calls regarding Syria with European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte and Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni. In his communication with Ursula von der Leyen, he assured that "the safe and voluntary return of Syrians to their country is being organized."
Returning is no easy task
The sudden fall of the Assad dictatorship opens a window of hope for displaced Syrians, but the current dire situation means that returning home will not be an easy decision. Many have integrated into their new homelands or may fear a resurgence of fighting between different rebel groups, posing a particular threat to minorities. Some have no home to return to.
According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the situation in Syria remains "one of the largest displacement crises in the world". The agency estimates that in 2023 there will be around 6.4 million Syrian refugees worldwide, of which 5.1 million will live in neighboring countries – Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey.
The ten countries most chosen by Syrians to immigrate to in 2023 were these according to the UN:
- Turkey where 3.2 million immigrants were expected
- Lebanon with 748,900 immigrants
– Germany with 705,800 immigrants
- Jordan with 669,100 immigrants
– Iraq with 272,000 immigrants
– Egypt with 153,800 immigrants
– Sweden with 94,900 immigrants
– Austria with 87.200 immigrants
– The Netherlands with 58,400 immigrants
– Greece with 45,900 immigrants
What does the "pause" of asylum requests mean?
Foreign leaders of the bloc's 27 members will meet later this month to discuss a joint response.
Bram Frouws, director of the Geneva-based Mixed Migration Centre, told Al Jazeera that the freeze on asylum applications "essentially means that Syrians who are still in the asylum process and awaiting a decision will remain on hold for much longer". .
"Knowing that in many [European] countries there are long delays in providing asylum, this increases uncertainty for many. It also means that those who come from now on, while it is still possible to apply for asylum, will have to wait a long time for a decision," he added. Currently, there is no change of status for those who have already received asylum in European countries.
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