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Mikhail Gorbachev, the last president of the Soviet Union, passes away
2022-08-30 22:48:07 / KOSOVA
Mikhail Gorbachev, the last president of the Soviet Union before its dissolution, has died in Moscow at the age of 91, according to official statements.
According to official Russian news agencies, Gorbachev, whose tumultuous rule was associated with the terms of perestroika and glasnost - reform and opening - died after a long illness.
"Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev died this evening after a serious and prolonged illness," the Central Clinical Hospital announced, according to RIA/Novosti on Tuesday.
Although committed to preserving the Soviet state and its socialist ideals, Gorbachev believed that significant reform was necessary, especially after the 1986 Chernobyl disaster.
He withdrew from the Soviet-Afghan War and began meeting with US President Ronald Reagan to limit nuclear weapons and end the Cold War. Domestically, his policy of glasnost ("opening") allowed for expanded freedom of speech and the press, while his perestroika ("restructuring") sought to decentralize economic decision-making to improve efficiency.
His democratization measures and the formation of the elected Congress of People's Deputies undermined the one-party state. Gorbachev refused to intervene militarily when various Eastern Bloc countries abandoned Marxist-Leninist rule in 1989-1990.
Internally, rising nationalist sentiment threatened to break up the Soviet Union, prompting Marxist-Leninist hardliners to launch the unsuccessful August coup against Gorbachev in 1991.
In the wake of this, the Soviet Union disintegrated against Gorbachev's wishes and he resigned. After leaving office, he created his Gorbachev Foundation, became a vocal critic of Russian presidents Boris Yeltsin and Vladimir Putin, and campaigned for Russia's social democratic movement.
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