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The creation of the EU and enlargement over the years, the dates of enlargement and the details that shape the union
2024-02-04 15:29:52 / BOTA
The history of the creation of the European Union is a period that begins after the end of the Second World War.
In 1952, the European Economic Community or the European Coal and Steel Community was founded.
Since the European Union is a geo-political entity that covers a large part of the European continent, the path of its formation has passed over numerous treaties and has undergone several expansions starting with 6 member states to reach 27, which in reality represent the majority of countries in Europe.
A few months later, the signing of the Treaty of Rome brought about the creation of the European Economic Community, which represents the basis of today's European Union.
the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) (1951), the Treaty of Paris (1951), and later the Treaty of Rome (1958) which established the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC). While the European Coal and Steel Community expired in 2002, the European Atomic Energy Community maintains a separate legal identity, despite the separation of members and institutions.
Eurozone
The Eurozone is a currency union of 20 of the EU countries that have adopted the euro as their single official currency. It currently consists of Austria, Belgium, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Germany, Netherlands, Ireland, Italy, Croatia, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Portugal, Cyprus, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain.
While three European microstates – Andorra, Monaco, San Marino and the Vatican – have entered into agreements with the European Union, allowing them to use the euro as their official currency and to print it, they do not form the Eurozone.
Montenegro and Kosovo are among those that use the euro as a single currency without any agreement.
The Eurozone is the largest economy in the world. The monetary policies of the EU countries within the area are the responsibility of the European Central Bank, although there is no ordinary representation, governing fiscal policies for the currency union.
European Coal and Steel Community
It was officially established on 18 April 1951 by the Treaty of Paris, signed by Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and West Germany and entered into force on 23 July 1952.
The ECSC was the first international organization to be based on the principles of supranationalism, starting the process of formal integration which eventually led to the establishment of the European Union.
January 1, 1973 – First enlargement: Great Britain, Denmark and Ireland enter the Union.
- On January 1, 1981 - Second enlargement: Greece enters the Union.
- February 23, 1982 - Greenland leaves the Union, with which it was connected through Denmark.
- January 1, 1986 - Third enlargement: Spain and Portugal enter the Union.
- January 1, 1995 - Fourth enlargement: Austria, Sweden and Finland enter the Union.
- May 1, 2004 - Fifth enlargement: Ten new states enter the Union.
Slovenia, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia.
- On January 1, 2007 - The fifth enlargement ends: Bulgaria and Romania enter the Union.
- July 1, 2013 - Sixth enlargement: Croatia enters the Union.
– On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom leaves the European Union.
The European Union has 27 member states
Candidate countries for the EU are: Albania, Montenegro, North Macedonia; Serbia, Turkey, Ukraine; Moldova, Kosovo.
European Central Bank: Frankfurt am Main;
Area: 4,233,262 km2 (as of February 1, 2020);
Population: 447,206,135 (year 2020);
Population density: 106 inhabitants / km2;
Currency: euro; Other currencies: Lev (Bulgarian); crown (Czech); crown (Danish); forint (Hungarian); kuna (Croatian); zloty (Polish); leu (Romanian); krona (Swedish);
Anthem: European Anthem
Europe Day: May 9;
Online continuation: eu. /Alfapress.al
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