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France increases the number of nuclear warheads, what its new doctrine means for Europe
2026-03-07 16:05:52 / BOTA
French President Emmanuel Macron has announced a significant change in France's nuclear doctrine, confirming that Paris will increase the number of nuclear warheads and expand the role of strategic deterrence to European allies.
The statement was made during a visit to the high-security naval base on Île Longue in Britain, where Macron gave a speech in front of one of the four nuclear ballistic submarines that make up the mainstay of the French nuclear force.
France currently possesses around 290 nuclear warheads, but the French president announced that the arsenal will increase, without specifying the new number of weapons that will be produced.
At the same time, Macron also announced a new strategic cooperation with several European countries that do not have nuclear weapons, indirectly expanding the umbrella of French deterrence on the continent.
Under the new plan, Germany, the United Kingdom, Poland, the Netherlands, Belgium, Greece, Sweden and Denmark will participate in nuclear exercises led by France.
These countries could also host elements of the French strategic nuclear air force on their territory, as part of a new model called "advanced deterrence."
However, Paris emphasizes that there will not be a formal French nuclear guarantee for all of Europe, but that the new strategy aims to protect France's strategic interests, which according to Macron includes the security of the European continent.
This change is considered by analysts as a major step towards a more European dimension of nuclear deterrence, at a time when geopolitical tensions have increased and EU countries are increasingly discussing the continent's strategic autonomy.
France remains the only nuclear power within the European Union after Brexit, giving its military doctrine an increasingly important role in Europe's security architecture.
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