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Blood Type Discoverer - Karl Landsteiner (1868-1943)
2022-06-15 09:58:03 / AKTUALITET
June 14 is World Blood Donor Day. There are millions and millions of people around the world who dedicate their lives to the opportunity to donate blood from one person to another. But perhaps few know that it was Karl Landsteiner, the Austrian biologist, physicist, and immunologist who discovered blood types and enabled the transfusion of blood from one person to another. How little known are these silent saviors of mankind compared to the noisy politicians!
Charles was born in Vienna (Austria) on June 14, 1868. The son of a Viennese newspaper editor of Jewish origin, he was orphaned at the age of six. With his mother's dedication he completed his secondary and higher medical studies in Vienna and after a year defended his doctorate.
This young talent could not escape the keen eye of academician Max Von Gruber who took him as an assistant at his Institute in Vienna. There, in 1900, Charles discovered the blood types in humans A, B, AB and O. He discovered that people with group O could donate blood to people of other groups (these are called universal donors), while people with group AB can take blood from other groups (these are called universal recipients). There are also certain donor-recipient links between other groups. Upon this discovery was first successfully performed in 1907 the blood transfusion between two persons. He has the merit of serious studies in the field of immunity and antibodies, as well as the detection of polio virus.
For his discoveries Karl Landsteiner was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 1930 and his date of birth - June 14, 1868 was decided to be considered World Blood Donor Day. Died June 26, 1943 in the USA
Prepared by: Klodi Stralla, Alfapress
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